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August Krogh\u2019s work helped establish the capillary bed not simply as a passive endpoint of the circulation, but as a critical interface between the blood and the cells that depend on it
\n | Photo Credit: Sainath B.<\/p>\n
In 1920, Danish physiologist August Krogh was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine \u201cfor his discovery of the capillary motor regulating mechanism.\u201d<\/p>\n
His work addressed a fundamental question: how does muscle receive enough oxygen when its demand rises sharply during exercise? Krogh showed how changes in the capillary circulation could help meet this increased demand by bringing blood closer to muscle fibres and increasing the surface available for oxygen exchange.<\/p>\n
The work had important implications for medicine because understanding how oxygen reaches tissues is central to conditions in which blood supply is impaired, including cardiovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes and wounds that fail to heal. The principles of microcirculation and tissue oxygenation that Krogh helped establish are now relevant to understanding tissue injury, wound healing, exercise physiology and the effects of impaired blood flow.<\/p>\n
Schack August Steenberg Krogh was born on November 15, 1874, in Grenaa, Denmark. He entered the University of Copenhagen in 1893, initially studying medicine before turning to zoology.<\/p>\n